Key Challenges We Tackle

Rural communities across East and South Africa are failing to realize the economic benefit of agribusiness because farmers are working alone, with little ability to assess and address their needs and weak links with business partners across the agriculture sector. This is compounded by lack of engagement of youth and women in the sector.

CAP partners with, and works for, farming cooperatives, unions and associations focused on marketing, finance, and production. CAP supports cooperatives to develop a unique, sustainable, ecosystem of production groups linked to financial hubs, marketing cooperatives, business unions and alliances across Malawi, Rwanda and Tanzania.

Supply

In Rwanda, Tanzania, and Malawi, many farmers face production challenges, including limited access to inputs, high costs, limited trials and timeliness. Quality inputs — including seeds and fertilizers — are critical to a farmers’ ability to produce. Community Agribusiness Partners (CAP) helps farming communities increase the output and quality of crops in a climate resilient and sustainable way by working with governments, seed companies, and other international organizations to help expand seed access and showcase best practices in climate smart agronomy and seed varietal choice. We collaborate with technical partners to tackle:

 Coordination

Small-scale farmers face the significant challenge of uncoordinated efforts, hindering their collective ability to address common issues, leverage shared resources, aggregate produce and maximize their potential for sustainable agricultural development. The absence of effective coordination mechanisms and platforms also restricts their ability to collectively advocate for their needs and interests, such as negotiating fair prices for their products. Small-scale farmers must act more cohesively in group structures to realize their full potential.

Incentives to adopt new practices

The transition from traditional farming methods to more sustainable practices is impeded by a fundamental issue - the need for incentives for small-scale farmers to depart from conventional approaches. Traditional farming methods are often favored due to their cost-effectiveness and convenience, as farmers are accustomed to such practices and view them as reliable livelihood sources. The lack of strong incentives for transformation, coupled with the duration required to observe tangible improvements, presents an obstacle to the adoption of sustainable and regenerative farming methods that hold the potential to boost productivity and safeguard the environment. In addition, more access to up-to-date research and information on the benefits of integrating new systems for sustainable land use is needed to address the challenge. Small-scale farmers often need more resources and opportunities to stay informed about innovative approaches and best practices in sustainable agriculture. This knowledge gap prevents them from fully understanding the advantages of transitioning to more sustainable methods and the potential positive impacts on their long-term productivity, profitability, and environmental stewardship.

Input access

Small-scale farmers need help accessing high-quality agricultural inputs and navigating the challenges posed by the timely availability of these inputs and their costs. These obstacles can significantly hamper their readiness to adopt sustainable farming practices and enhance productivity. The necessity for high-quality seeds, organic fertilizers, agricultural lime, and farming equipment cannot be overstated, as these components are vital for farmers to maximize their crop yields and practice regenerative agriculture. Yet, there are situations when these inputs are not accessible exactly when farmers need them, creating issues around timeliness that can affect the overall farming process. Additionally, the high costs associated with these inputs can present another barrier for small-scale farmers, further inhibiting their capacity to implement sustainable and regenerative farming techniques. The limited availability of public and private extension services further complicates the situation. These farmers often lack access to crucial information, training, and technical support that could enhance their methods and enable them to make informed decisions. Adequate extension services are critical in bolstering their ability to embrace new technologies, manage pests and diseases effectively, plan for extreme weather events, and implement sustainable agricultural practices.

OUR IMPACT

1.8K DEMONSTRATION PLOT

have been implemented and maintained across Malawi, Rwanda, and Tanzania since 2018. Demonstration plots are easily accessible teaching and knowledge sharing sites for farming communities

161 COMMUNITY-BASED SEED DEALERS TRAINED

161 farmer leaders in Tanzania have successfully completed Quality Declared Seed (QDS) Multiplication training in partnership with the Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute (TOSCI) since 2018, enabling local access to high quality seed for more than 28,000 farmers.

12 VALUE CHAINS

Actively working with our partners to facilitate access to reliable market opportunities across 12 different value chains — including macadamia, avocado, cauliflower, chili, broccoli, soybean, maize, groundnuts, beans, sunflower, poultry, and aquaculture — to enable income diversification for farming communities.

  • The coming together of CIMMYT and CDI in 2019 was the beginning of an exciting partnership for deploying climate-resilient improved maize varieties in Sub-Saharan Africa for the benefit of smallholder farmers. Ongoing farm trials in Malawi as well as Tanzania, will help build a strong platform in catalyzing adoption of improved maize varieties and contribute to achieving the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

    Aparna Das, Global Maize Technical Program Manager, CIMMYT

  • Working with partners is one of the most cost-effective ways of reaching many households with biofortified crops in a short period of time. Our partnership with CDI will enable us to reach more than 10,000 farming households in 10 districts with vitamin A maize and iron beans within a year.

    Dellings Phiri, Country Manager, HarvestPlus Malawi

Finance

Limited access to suitable working capital, encompassing micro-loans, e-money services, and insurance products, presents a major hurdle for small-scale farmers, undermining their resilience to economic and environmental/climate-centric shocks. Another major issue confronting farmers is the lack of a formal loan history. Without a well-documented credit history, individuals often face difficulties securing loans. Many traditional lending institutions require borrowers to have an established credit record to measure their repayability. This requirement can pose an insurmountable challenge for small-scale farmers, who might not have previous borrowing experience or collateral to offer. This challenge impairs farmers' capacity to secure crucial funds required for procuring necessary inputs, making farm improvements, investing in advanced farming equipment like machinery and efficient irrigation systems, adopting regenerative farming practices, and protecting crops from adverse weather events, pests, and diseases. As a result, their resilience to unpredictable circumstances and sustainable production practices is significantly undermined.

According to the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), only three percent of small-scale farmers in sub-Saharan Africa have access to credit from formal financial institutions. Additionally, less than 10 percent of farmers benefit from crop insurance, a crucial risk management tool. These statistics underscore farmers' severe constraints in obtaining financial support to enhance their farming operations. The consequences of limited access to finance are far-reaching. The inability to secure adequate financial resources hampers small-scale farmers' efforts to expand their operations, increase productivity, and respond effectively to market demands. This perpetuates a cycle of low productivity, limited income generation, and constrained opportunities for rural development.

OUR IMPACT

More than 1,000 community banks

are working with CAP to increase financial literacy and savings culture for farmer members across Malawi, Rwanda, and Tanzania.

$424K loaned

directly to 23 primary cooperatives under Dikirani Cooperative Union in Malawi since 2021 from Standard Bank of Malawi at an average annual interest rate of 21%

Nearly $500,000

in loans accessed by farming communities and formal cooperatives in Rwanda from 8 financial institutions

  • Our purpose statement at Standard Bank PLC’s says “Malawi is our home we drive her growth”, meaning we will not achieve this alone but through building strategic partnerships with various organizations and farming groups. We believe CDI’s initiative to empower farming communities with market opportunities will not only support livelihood of small-scale farmers but also contribute to the economy of Malawi at large

    Graham Chipande, Head of Relationship Banking, Standard Bank

  • This [work] will enable farmers to timely procure commodities from their fellow farmers during harvest hence improving farmgate prices for small holders who can be prone to predatory pricing and marketing tactics by middlemen. The access to finance also gives farmers an opportunity to deal with a commercial bank which helps them to grow their entrepreneurship mind hence sustainability of the business.

    Graham Chipande, Head of Relationship Banking, Standard Bank

Markets

Small-scale farmer agribusiness is challenged by limited private sector engagement, resulting in restricted access to diverse and reliable income streams through local and regional output markets. Market accessibility is essential for farmers to expand their businesses and increase production income. However, the current situation is characterized by a predominant reliance on informal channels for marketing agricultural products, as highlighted by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), with over 80 percent of products being sold through such channels.

 The reliance on informal markets often leads to inefficiencies and disorganized systems, contributing to farmers receiving low crop prices. Farmers working independently require enhanced negotiation capabilities with suppliers and buyers in the marketplace and access to international and national pricing that reflects their crop's quality and volume. Consequently, the agricultural sectors experience limited economic growth, making rural livelihood pursuits unsustainable. Farmers become more vulnerable to shocks, exacerbating their challenges, and as a result, farming households experience cyclical multidimensional poverty. With increased private sector engagement, more efficient and organized market systems can enhance farmers' access to diverse income streams and improve their bargaining power. This can lead to fairer prices for their crops, promote economic growth in the agricultural sectors, and contribute to livelihood sustainability and better incomes.

According to the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), only three percent of small-scale farmers in sub-Saharan Africa have access to credit from formal financial institutions. Additionally, less than 10 percent of farmers benefit from crop insurance, a crucial risk management tool. These statistics underscore farmers' severe constraints in obtaining financial support to enhance their farming operations. The consequences of limited access to finance are far-reaching. The inability to secure adequate financial resources hampers small-scale farmers' efforts to expand their operations, increase productivity, and respond effectively to market demands. This perpetuates a cycle of low productivity, limited income generation, and constrained opportunities for rural development.

OUR IMPACT

26 warehouses

are being used by cooperatives across Malawi, Rwanda, and Tanzania to aggregate and store high-quality commodities before being sold to the market

26% selling price increase

In 2018, CAP’s market partner Africa Improved Foods began paying farmers in Malawi prices for soybeans that were 26% higher than local trader prices, and in Rwanda, farmers benefitted from a price increase of 39.3%

  • The past years we have been selling as individuals but that changed because we've seen the importance of belonging to a group and aggregating our commodities at a central place. We now have a lot of farmers wanting to be part of our marketing group because they have seen the monies we make.

    Ruth Nzeru, Gumulira Farmer Marketing Group

  • For years, the agricultural sector has been faced with the dilemma of how to better integrate smallholder farming communities into business models and supply chains. It has been difficult to find enough high-quality soybean in Rwanda. We are very impressed with what CDI and its communities in Malawi have been able to achieve. Their success shows the power of a community-based approach

    Prosper Ndayiragije, Country Manager, Africa Improved Foods